Green Corridor Alliance

The Central Asia-Azerbaijan Green Energy project began as part of a trilateral strategic partnership between Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, and Uzbekistan.

The Strategic Partnership Agreement on the Development and Transmission of Green Energy was signed during COP29 in Baku on 13 November 2024 by the President of the three countries.

In December 2024, the three national grid operators formally signed the founding documents establishing the Green Corridor Alliance Joint Venture (JV), with its headquarters in Baku.

Azerenerji OJSC Republic of Azerbaijan

KEGOC JSC Republic of Kazakhstan

National Electric Grids of Uzbekistan JSC Republic of Uzbekistan

Sustainable energy cooperation across borders, optimizing 2025-2040 renewable export strategies linking Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, and Uzbekistan to European markets via power interconnections.

Regional integration of energy markets, enabling bi-directional trade, EU absorption of variable renewables (low/ medium/ high scenarios), and cross-border frameworks for green electricity.

Reducing carbon emissions through large-scale renewable projects, supporting GHG reduction targets by 2030 (vs. 1990 baseline) and further reductions by 2050, along with achieving Net Zero in liberated territories.

Long-term energy security and stable supply chains, with 35-year load forecasts, grid reinforcements, and frequency reserves via peak offsets.

A shared commitment to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), via technical potential assessments for solar PV/wind integration over 2025-2040 horizons.

This ambitious corridor will involve:

Integration of renewable generation capacity in Azerbaijan, Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan

High-voltage interconnections across territories of Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan and Azerbaijan aimed to Europe

Telecom network interconnection (fiber-optic connectivity) along the planned power transmission corridor which will connect Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan.

Feasibility analysis, led by international experts (e.g., CESI S.p.A.) for efficient design and implementation of the mentioned route.

Objectives of the Project

The Objective of this study is to investigate the technical, environmental, regulatory, and economic viability of an electrical interconnection between Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, and Uzbekistan and the potential energy corridors connecting Central Asia and South Caucasus to European markets.

Stage I Determine the recommended option for electrical grid construction

Stage II Conceptual system design

Stage III Energy trading model and contractual arrangement

Energy Security & Sovereignty

By linking power systems regionally, GCA enhances energy reliability and resilience across participant countries—reducing dependence on fossil fuels and outdated infrastructure. The project enables bi-directional frequency reserves through non-coinciding daily peaks, seasonal power sharing and grid reinforcements for stable interconnection operation, cutting balancing costs while maintaining reserve margins and ramp-rate limits.

Sustainable Development

The initiative supports national commitments to increase renewable energy shares and lower carbon emissions, contributing directly to climate goals under the UN SDGs. It drives 2025-2040 renewable export strategies via three VRE production scenarios, EU market absorption analysis (low/medium/high import profiles), and environmental route assessments for onshore/subsea corridors, tying into Azerbaijan-Georgia-Black Sea-Romania and Nakhchivan-Türkiye pathways.

Market Integration

The corridor strengthens the integration of Central Asian renewable energy into international markets by improving connectivity and regional cooperation. By creating a reliable pathway for clean electricity transfer, the initiative increases the competitiveness and accessibility of renewable power for global markets, particularly in Europe, where demand for sustainable energy continues to grow. It also supports regional export platforms and the expansion of cross-border green energy trade.

GCA strengthens diplomatic and economic ties with key international partners, including the Asian Development Bank (ADB), Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB), Siemens AG, and CESI S.p.A., all of which contribute to the development of the regional green energy corridor through technical expertise, feasibility studies, financing frameworks, and strategic infrastructure support.

At the institutional level, GCA fosters ongoing regional dialogue through a dedicated Working Group (or Joint Venture) representing the governments of Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, and Uzbekistan. This collaborative platform enables coordinated planning and cross-border cooperation essential for the successful realization of the corridor initiative.

The coordinated effort facilitates data sharing, kick-off meetings, and structured discussions on legal frameworks, regulatory compliance, and cross-border operational risks. It also includes consultations with local authorities, environmental agencies, and international organizations regarding permits, environmental standards, power purchase and export agreements, and broader stakeholder engagement across the three countries.

With extensive experience in grid integration, system stability, renewable energy planning, and HVDC transmission technologies, the involved partners will contribute to the technical foundation of the corridor, supporting reliable renewable energy transmission between Central Asia, the South Caucasus, and Europe.

As Europe continues advancing toward decarbonization, energy diversification, and long-term resilience, strategic green energy corridors such as this are emerging as practical infrastructure solutions that strengthen regional cooperation, energy security, and sustainable market integration across continents.